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谷歌和雅虎5月份的市场份额分别为62%和21%
[ 2008-6-22 19:12:00 | By: pololaGirl ]
 
当Liddell与投资者交流的时候,他经常听到投资者说他们并不赞同微软将业务面铺得太大。他估计他在电话会议上回答的投资者提问有一半都跟亏损33亿美元的网络分公司或者Windows Live服务有关。 当然,那些业务也正是微软与谷歌竞争的前沿。

并非只有投资者受到了谷歌的困扰。盖茨对鲍尔默作出的其中一项承诺是,除了继续参加公司董事会会议之外,盖茨还将继续与搜索和广告团队合作。 他承诺每周会花两个半小时的时间在上面。为什么盖茨要特别关注这个具体问题呢?谷歌在网络广告市场上占有绝对的优势,这将继续阻止微软发展自己的网络消费者业务。

这其中不仅包括对谷歌的嫉妒,还包括其他许多东西。鲍尔默以及其他人相信,网络广告是今后的营收和利润增长最可能的来源。到目前为止,在5000亿美元的全球广告开支中,只有大约400亿美元的开支发生在网络市场。鲍尔默预计网络广告市场将在两年内增长到800亿美元的规模。 虽然全球商业技术开支的总数要更大一些,达到了16000亿美元,但是它的发展速度却没有网络广告市场快。

因此,微软将对基础设施进行空前的投资。鲍尔默说:“要想把业务开展下去,就必须大量地进行投资。”今年,微软将在数据中心和服务器上投资17亿美元的资金以满足开展网络业务的需求。另外,微软几乎已经对基本搜索技术投资了5年的时间。现在,至少其Live.com的搜索服务已经在搜索结果相关性上赶上了竞争对手。业内专家们认为,微软现在大致已经达到与谷歌平齐的水平。

首先应该提高搜索流量,微软在这方面走了弯路。它在美国搜索市场上的份额仍在继续降低,据Comscore称,微软在美国搜索市场的份额已经从今年1月份的9.8%下降到5月份的8.5%。同时,谷歌和雅虎5月份的市场份额分别为62%和21%。微软借鉴美国汽车行业的经验,最近推出了一项现金返还计划。

另外,微软还将把重点集中在搜索地图、视频和图片等专业化特色功能上。但是那很难令普通的搜索用户从谷歌搜索转到Live搜索上来。但是如果真的可以用一种不同的方式来搜索视频,也许微软的品牌流行度会有所提升。另外,值得一提的是,微软最近与惠普达成了一项合作协议,将Live搜索作为惠普电脑产品预装的网络浏览器软件的默认搜索服务。 谷歌与戴尔也达成了类似的合作协议。鲍尔默表示:“不管怎样,我们已经达到了一定的规模。”

那也是他想收购雅虎的原因所在。微软获得的搜索流量越多,广告客户愿意支付的用于购买广告的钱就越多。 如果雅虎与谷歌签订转包协议以及将双方的搜索部分合并,那对微软来说就是个坏消息了,因为那样谷歌就能向广告客户索要更高的搜索广告单价。

收购雅虎失败也对鲍尔默的判断力和决断力提出了质疑。如果成功收购雅虎,微软的搜索业务规模将扩大三倍,而且雅虎在网民中的品牌吸引力也更强一些。虽然鲍尔默一开始就提出了溢价率高达62%的优厚条件,甚至最后又将报价提高到475亿美元,但是经过几个月的较量,微软还是被迫放弃了收购交易。据说,雅虎首席执行官杨致远的要价比微软出的价格还要高2美元,即总价可能再增加57亿美元。鲍尔默说,他经过计算认为雅虎值不了那个价。双方最终不欢而散,结束了一切谈判。

微软最后又在5月18日提出以10亿美元的价格收购雅虎的搜索业务并对雅虎投资80亿美元,但是雅虎还是拒绝了微软。杨致远明显不想同微软进行交易的做法引发了雅虎股东的愤怒,亿万富翁、激进投资者卡尔伊坎甚至发起了代理权争夺战。

鲍尔默说,这项收购交易的失败只能说明微软还要在自己的业务上投资更多的时间和金钱。令许多业界观察员不解的是,鲍尔默为什么不愿意坚持到底呢? Forrester Research的首席执行官George Colony说:“他的表现说明他根本没有制定有机发展一项可以与谷歌竞争的业务的计划。因此他必须收购其他公司。雅虎显然是最好的收购目标。但是他也没能将雅虎收购过来。除非微软再次提出收购要约,否则微软将一直被谷歌牵着鼻子走。”

如果说微软与谷歌的竞争是关乎发展,那么它与苹果的宿仇则主要跟荣誉有关。当鲍尔默和微软其他高管看到苹果广告大肆诋毁微软的名誉时,他们几乎气得吐血。顾问公司CoreBrand称,微软在全球品牌价值排行榜上的地位已经从2004年的第11位滑落到现在的第59位,这其中当然少不了苹果在这两年大肆宣传的“Get a Mac”广告的功劳。

微软将从今年晚些时候开始进行长达三年的营销活动,以弥补Windows和微软品牌受到的伤害。微软这次将花大代价对苹果发起一场积极的、久违的同时也必将是空前的反击。鲍尔默在一年前就批准了那项计划,它将由负责Windows与搜索业务的Bill Veghte来领导。Bill Veghte与营销主管Mich Mathews合作,两人从公司内部招揽了品牌、包装、网络广告和其他专业的最好的专家组成了一支全明星团队。

这个团队每周都有两天的时间离开微软总部,驱车到其他地方悄悄进行一项名为 FTP 168的计划。虽然公司今年并没有发布新款Windows系统,而这种情况下一般是不会增加宣传预算的,但是鲍尔默还是批准增加了2亿美元的Windows系统广告宣传费。这次宣传活动主要是要告诉消费者利用Windows系统可以做到哪些以前从未做过的事情。

更重要的是,Windows系统本身也会被重新得到完善。在以后的18个月里,微软将先后发布三款Windows产品。 除了旗舰Windows 7系统之外,微软还将发布一款新的Windows Mobile系统以及一款新的Windows Live服务。这些产品将首次朝着同一个方向进行宣传。 Veghte说:“我们预计电脑、电话和网络之间必然的关系将变得更加紧密,我们对此报以厚望并下了大注。”经过多年的投资,Windows Mobile本来就已经成为一款发展迅速的成功产品。 现在全球已经有1.2亿部手机在使用这款软件,微软今年还要售出3千万份拷贝。

微软员工经常谈到软件加服务战略,今年,这个战略将从口号变成实践了。虽然它可能不会成为搜索或电子邮件中的主流产品,但是它的用户一定会越来越多。 Johnson表示,Windows Live服务现在拥有4.3亿用户,而且还在以每年20%的速度递增。 那些服务包括Hotmail、Live Search、即时通讯和博客等。目前,每月大概有8千万人在使用这些服务。

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